Abstract
In the article, we established the main achievements of agricultural statistical works of the Kherson province zemstvo and their role in the establishment of agricultural experimental case. For this purpose, the agricultural descriptions of the province and counties, prepared by the zemstvo statisticians of the Kherson province for the period 1863–1917, were analyzed. The historical circumstances that led to the use of selective statistical methods in the execution of tasks for the needs of agricultural activity by the statisticians of the Kherson provincial zemstvo were clarified. Peculiarities of implementation of statistical methodology by zemstvo institutions of the province in solving research tasks in the agricultural sector were also considered. It is shown that the statistics of the Kherson province constantly followed the use of selective research methods, the expedition method and taking into account the specifics of the natural-geographical, social-living and other living conditions of the population. Their development of approaches of the Chernihiv type of zemstvo statistics ensured the study of the influence of natural and geographical factors on agricultural productivity. Statisticians of the Kherson provincial zemstvo studied crop rotations for different types of land holdings in order to obtain the characteristics of different types of farms. Based on the results of research, they proved the possibility of building crop rotations calculated in advance. The work highlights that the statisticians of the Kherson provincial zemstvo, not limiting their research to the development of purely evaluative indicators, based on a deep analysis of the trends in the development of sample statistical studies, developed thorough evaluative methods and implemented mathematical methods for the analysis of various agricultural indicators. Thanks to them, the agricultural experiment, as a selective study, began to assume the presence of specially compiled observations of the soil, plants, and environmental conditions. The methodology of observations, analyzes and accounting, formed by statisticians for the needs of the province, laid the methodological basis for the methods of conducting agricultural experiments
Keywords
statistical works, zemstvo, experiment, statistical committees, statistical bureau, survey, observation
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