Abstract
The article examines the development of photography, photo affairs, and the chemical-photographic industry in Ukraine in the 20th century, as well as the institutionalization of photography as an archival document. Already from the beginning of the 20th century we can talk about the high level of development of photography in Ukraine, the formation of its infrastructure, the rapid expansion of development directions in many Ukrainian regions. The expansion of the functional and instrumental characteristics of photography, the development of photomechanical printing processes became prerequisites and catalysts for the formation of professional photo art, photojournalism, the formation and enrichment of the system of its genres, and the expansion of the circle of photography specialists. The level of perception of photography and photography is changing, there is a need for generalization and scientific understanding of it, creation of a theory of photography. So, since 1914, there were already many photographers-artists and professional scientists in Kyiv. Active photo activity brought to life and the emergence of specialized periodicals. During the short time of the development of photo circles in Kharkiv, specialized magazines were founded. It is noted that at the beginning of 1930, on the initiative of Professor Oleksa Balytskyi and doctor Stepan Dmochovskyi, the Ukrainian Photographic Society was created in Lviv (with branches in Stanislav, Ternopil, and Rohatyn). The society had more than 200 members, its own premises and a library. In the 1960s and 1980s, a network of specialized archives of film, photo, and audio documents emerged, including archives of the Union level and archives of the Union republics, including of Ukraine. In the state archives, special archival funds are created for the transfer, storage and research of photo documents, their institutionalization takes place, which has received a new development since the beginning of the 1990s
Keywords
Ukraine, photography, photography, photo education, Ukrainian photographic societies, photo documents
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